Semiconductor Nanowires and Flexible Energy Storage Devices

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1D semiconductor nanowires can control photon, phonon, and electron transport, which makes them suitable for solid-state energy harvesting, storage, and conversion applications. For instance, indium phosphide nanowires used in single nanowire-based photovoltaic cells display a maximum power conversion efficiency of 17.8%, while silicon germanium nanowires used in nanogenerators demonstrate a maximum power output of 7.1 µW/cm2.

However, the energy density of SCs must be increased substantially without affecting their cycle life and power density to meet the rising demands for next-generation flexible and portable devices. These 1D semiconductor nanowires and nanowire heterostructures demonstrated significantly improved stability and performance in applications for SCs due to suppressed irreversible oxidation reactions and improved electrical conductivities.

Solid-state polymer electrolytes with a limited amount of water can be used to enhance the TiN electrode stability. This electrolyte can effectively suppress the TiN electrochemical oxidation reaction and mechanically stabilize the TiN nanowires by retaining their contacts and structures during cycling.

The H-TiO2 nanostructures acted as promising scaffolds to support the MnO2 as the hydrogenation of pristine TiO2 significantly increased its carrier density. The synthesized solid-state asymmetric SC device demonstrated excellent mechanical stability as a flexible energy storage device, and exceptional performance by retaining 91.2% of the initial capacitance after 5000 cycles.

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