Randomized Controlled Trial: Impact of one-day fasting, ketogenic diet or exogenous ketones on control of energy balance in healthy participants. Image Credit: Epine / Shutterstock
About the study In the present study, the researchers recruited eight adults between the ages of 25 and 30 years who had a body-mass index between 19 and 29 kilograms per square meter and had habitual physical activity levels ranging from low to normal. The study group comprised four males and four females who were included only when they were continuously using hormonal contraceptives, as that would circumvent the influences of the menstrual cycle on energy expenditure.
A bicycle ergometer was used to measure work and energy during three rounds of 20 minutes of exercise to maintain a physical activity level of 1.65 during interventions. A controlled diet with a fixed composition of macronutrients was provided to all participants before beginning the interventions to establish equal baseline conditions. A whole-room indirect calorimeter was used to conduct the interventions and measure the energy requirements of each individual.