Capital flight: Climate change is forcing us to move cities

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Although moving small towns has proven successful, Indonesia’s plan to relocate its capital from Jakarta to Borneo will be far more challenging

Men look at a flooded street in the Sarandi neighborhood, one of the hardest hit by the heavy rains in Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil, in May, 2024. Photograph: Anselmo Cunha/Getty Imageson this island, that positivity has been sorely tested. In the last year alone, two urban areas in Co Down have suffered significant flood damage from which they are yet to recover. The flooding in Newry and Downpatrick has been described, somewhat optimistically, as a once-in-a-century event.

Thailand’s metropolis faces significant risks from rising sea levels and frequent flooding exacerbated by climate change. The city’s low-lying terrain and overreliance on groundwater extraction have compounded these problems.Sinéad Hussey: ‘We treat miscarriages as a blip or something that’s easily forgotten’‘You’re not Irish. You’re not one of us’: Northern students on a year in the South

Brazil moved its capital from Rio de Janeiro to Brasília in 1960 in an effort to rebalance political power away from its coastal cities. Similarly, Kazakhstan shifted its capital from Almaty to Astana in 1997, and Egypt is currently building a new administrative capital east of Cairo to reduce the strain on the overpopulated metropolis, the largest urban area on the continent.

Although moving a city is not historically unprecedented, the underlying reasons for doing so have evolved over time. The Roman Empire had various alternative capitals for political reasons, including Ravenna and Byzantium. Natural disasters and environmental changes generally caused less important cities such as Pompeii to be abandoned.

 

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