Photo: un-redd.orgBiodiversity is essential for ecosystem health, stability, and vital services supporting human well-being. In Nigeria, climate change poses a significant threat to biodiversity, which in turn affects the resilience of ecosystems and the services they provide. This critical analysis examines the importance of biodiversity in mitigating the impacts of climate change in Nigeria, supported by relevant statistics.
Biodiverse ecosystems are more resilient to environmental changes and disturbances. A diverse array of species ensures that ecological functions are maintained even if some species are lost or their populations decline. This resilience is crucial as climate change increases the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events.
Biodiverse ecosystems, particularly forests and wetlands, play a crucial role in carbon sequestration. Nigeria’s wetlands, including the Niger Delta, are among the most productive ecosystems in the world, storing large amounts of carbon. The Ramsar Convention on Wetlands estimates that wetlands sequester carbon at a rate of 0.4-0.9 billion tonnes of CO2 equivalent per year globally, underscoring their importance in climate regulation.
Restoring degraded ecosystems and sustainably managing natural resources are essential for maintaining biodiversity. Initiatives like the Great Green Wall, which aims to combat desertification and restore degraded land in the Sahel region, including northern Nigeria, are crucial. The project involves planting trees and implementing sustainable land management practices, which enhance biodiversity and improve carbon sequestration.