Exploring Thermal Energy Storage Solutions for Energy-Efficient Buildings

Picture yourself 200 years ago, only able to cool a space or chill perishable food because ice blocks were cut from frozen lakes and then transported cross-country by insulated rail cars to your home. Once in your home, the ice melted — by absorbing heat to change the phase from solid to liquid — keeping your home or food cool. Water, when frozen, stores this ability to cool because of the large amount of energy absorbed or to heat by releasing energy .

Roderick Jackson, laboratory program manager for building technologies at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, moderates a Stor4Build panel discussion. Photo by Werner Slocum,“The science behind TES can be as simple as what people did 200 years ago,” said Tim LaClair, a senior researcher at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory .

Som Shrestha, a senior R&D scientist within the Building Technologies Research and Integration Center at Oak Ridge National Laboratory , said TES can significantly reduce peak heating, ventilating, and air conditioning energy demand in buildings. Stor4Build aims to accelerate the growth, optimization, and deployment of cost-effective thermal energy storage technologies that benefit all communities. Photo by Werner Slocum,LaClair said a large component of TES advancement depends on identifying and developing needed phase-change materials with a melting and freezing point close to room temperature.

“New advanced thermal energy storage systems, which are based on abundant and cost-effective raw materials, can meet the demand for thermal loads across time lengths similar to electrochemical storage devices,” said Sumanjeet Kaur, Berkeley Lab’s Thermal Energy Group lead. “This will not only relax some of the demand for electrochemical storage and free up batteries but also increase versatility and efficiency of energy storage systems in buildings.

The cross-cutting work through Stor4Build is designed to accelerate scaled adoption of thermal energy storage solutions for all communities and market transformation. Illustration by Jessie Alexander,research is necessary for the large-scale deployment of renewable energy, electrification, and building decarbonization,” said Judith Vidal, NREL Building Thermal Energy Science group manager and Stor4Build co-director.

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