The ice core was collected during a secret mission in the 1960s, when the U.S. Army drilled through more than 4,500 feet of ice at Camp Century in northwestern Greenland. They were working only 800 miles from the north pole, and about 38 miles inland from the coast.
Using advanced luminescence technology and the analysis of rare forms of chemical elements, with differing atomic compositions called isotopes, Bierman and the team developed a stark picture that suggests large parts of Greenland melted much more recently than a million years ago. The research shows that sediment below the ice sheet was deposited by flowing water during an ice-free period that coincided with a moderate warming period in Earth's history.
"Greenland's past, preserved in twelve feet of frozen soil, suggests a warm, wet, and largely ice-free future for planet Earth unless we can dramatically lower the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere," Bierman said.
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