Euclid launch: dark-energy mapper poised to probe cosmic mysteries

Euclid, an ambitious Universe-mapping telescope, is about to open a new chapter in cosmology.

Together, dark energy and dark matter constitute an estimated 95% of the Universe’s contents, but their nature and properties are still poorly understood. According to Yannick Mellier, an astronomer at the Paris Astrophysical Institute, the results could amount to “a revolution in our understanding of the physical laws of nature”. Mellier leads the Euclid Consortium, which includes 1,600 scientists from 17 countries.The 1,921-kilogram Euclid spacecraft, which carries a 1.

Over time, Euclid will explore one-third of the full sky, always pointing away from the Milky Way’s disk and from the dusty plane of the Solar System so that it can peek deeper into extragalactic space.Credit: ESA “This weak lensing effect is everywhere in the sky,” says Anthony Tyson, an astronomer at the University of California, Davis, who pioneered the technique beginning in the 1980s and then helped to spearhead the Vera Rubin Observatory.

The second analysis will explore the distribution of galaxies, looking for features that are remnants of waves in the featureless broth of matter that made up the primordial Universe. These ‘’ have been used before to track the rate of cosmic expansion throughout the Universe’s history, but Euclid will be able to push this type of study further back in time than ever before.

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