The caverns will store renewable energy in the form of heat that can be supplied to the existing district heating system.Vaanta Energy, a company owned by the cities of Helsinki and Vaanta in Finland, has ambitious plans to establish the world’s largest cavern-based thermal energy storage system.
Battery-based energy storage, as offered by companies like Tesla, can only serve small-scale facilities. However, industrial-scale storage options are needed.has previously reported how companies use sand as an energy storage option, and now Vaanta wants to demonstrate how a cavern can store thermal energy for long periods.Finland is the largest producer of district heating in the European Union. In 2023, the country produced 37.3 terawatt-hours of heating.
A waste-to-energy plant and a wood-fuelled power plant currently supply energy to the district heating system, but Vaanta Energy plans to introduce renewable energy to the mix as early as 2028. The Varanto project design comprises three caverns, each measuring over 900 feet long, 131 feet high, and 65 feet wide. Together, the three caverns will have a total volume of 38.85 million cubic feet , making it the largest such facility in the world.
A smart control system will also allow waste industrial heat to be used to heat the water when available. “Our heat-producing system will work like a: alternating between electricity and other forms of production, depending on what is most advantageous and efficient at the time,” explained Jukka Toivonen, CEO of Vaanta Energy in the
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