Climate Change Is Slowing Earth’s Rotation

Climate change is causing Greenland and Antarctic ice to melt, shifting water to the equatorial regions and affecting Earth’s rotation, which lengthens days by a few milliseconds. Supported by NASA, ETH Zurich researchers showed that this impact could surpass the moon’s influence on Earth’s rotational speed and is also shifting the Earth’s axis of rotation.

Climate change is leading to the melting of ice in Greenland and Antarctica. As a result, water from these polar areas is flowing into the world’s oceans –and especially into the equatorial region.

Supported by the US space agency NASA, the ETH researchers from Soja’s group have published two new studies in the journals on how climate change affects the polar motion and the length of the day.In the PNAS study, the ETH Zurich researchers show that climate change is also increasing the length of the day by a few milliseconds from its current 86,400 seconds. This is because water is flowing from the poles to lower latitudes thus slowing down the speed of rotation.

In the most comprehensive modeling to date, Soja and his team have now shown how polar motion results from the individual processes in the core, in the mantle and from the climate at the surface. Their study was recently published in the journal. “For the first time, we present a complete explanation for the causes of long-period polar motion,” says Mostafa Kiani Shahvandi, one of Soja’s doctoral students and lead author of the study.

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