Climate change poses significant challenges worldwide, but its impacts are disproportionately felt by women, particularly in developing countries like Nigeria. Women’s vulnerability to climate change is compounded by their socioeconomic status, dependence on natural resources, and entrenched gender inequalities. This critical analysis, supported by relevant statistics, explores how climate change affects women in Nigeria, and examines the underlying reasons for these disparities.
In Nigeria, women are primarily responsible for securing food, water, and energy for their families, especially in rural areas. Climate change exacerbates the scarcity of these resources, making women’s daily tasks more challenging. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization , 70% of Nigeria’s agricultural workforce are women, producing 60-80% of the country’s food.
Lower levels of education among women in Nigeria also contribute to their heightened vulnerability. The UNESCO Institute for Statistics reports that the literacy rate for Nigerian women is 59.3%, compared to 70.9% for men. Limited access to education restricts women’s knowledge about climate change and reduces their ability to implement adaptive strategies.
Addressing the gendered impacts of climate change requires empowering women through education, economic opportunities, and participation in decision-making. Studies show that when women are involved in climate action, communities are better able to adapt to and mitigate climate change. For instance, a UN Women report highlights that women’s participation in forest management in Nigeria led to more sustainable and effective conservation practices.