The copper tradeoff: Protecting today's lands versus preserving tomorrow's climate

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Copper is key to our green energy future, but copper extraction is deeply harmful to the environment now. Episode two of On Point’s special series “Elements of energy” explores how to resolve that contradiction.

VP of legal and external affairs at the Sibanye Stillwater mining company.PRES. JOE BIDEN: I've signed a historic piece of legislation here in the United States that includes the biggest, most important climate commitment we have ever made in the history of our country.BIDEN: So let this be the moment we find within ourselves the will to unlock a resilient, sustainable economy to preserve our planet.This lithium deposit is one of the richest ones in North America.

PROTESTOR: All the mining companies, they're billionaires, and we're still poor, destitute, struggling!PROTESTOR: To take the lithium out of this ground is another form of genocide, or cultural genocide. PROTESTOR : I think that this will be an unstoppable war. If they take our lands and contaminate our rivers, what will we live off?

RAMOS : The message was rather simple. It was Panama is worth more without mining. Panama is green, the true world of Panama is green. That's the copper tradeoff. Biologist Isaias Ramos says he supports green energy, but questions at what cost and who must pay for it. It's also pretty easy to turn into wires or sheets or strips and easy to handle. So it's a really good material for what we need with clean energy.

Aluminum is really light. But doesn't conduct as well. So copper is just really good. Nature made in a way that's really handy for the things we like to use it for, especially as we grow the need for electricity for all that. Video games and data centers and that kind of thing. We use copper already for society and we're just talking about using more copper for the cleaner versions of society. My electric vehicle, which I own, or other people have, will have some like 170 to 200 pounds. So it's like a quadrupling, as you said, of the copper and that's significant. However, it means I don't have to use gasoline. And I use something like that much weight of gasoline every three months.

WEBBER: That's a big mine, but mines are that big. And you can sometimes see them from space, or if you fly over mining areas, you'll see it from your airplane window. Two countries, Chile and Peru, are responsible for more than a third of global copper production, for example. So you have these very large mines, and they're often open pit, or these mines that are open from the top, you can see them. Think of the old days where people would build a tunnel to go into the land to get the mine, looking like Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs.

 

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